This report was written in 2004 for Te Papa National Services. A PDF version of the report can be obtained
here. (An earlier version of the report is available
here.)
Contents
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Mātauranga Māori Culture and Heritage Services Project
1.2 Acknowledgements
2.0 Interest in Mātauranga Māori
2.1 Te Papa’s Interest in Mātauranga Māori
2.2 Other Usages of ‘Mātauranga Māori’ in Public Institutions
3.0 What do we Mean by ‘Mātauranga Māori’? Towards a Definition
3.1 A Sociological Definition
3.2 ‘Mātauranga Māori’ is a modern term
3.3 ‘Mātauranga Māori’ as a term about the totality of a body of knowledge
3.4 Change in Mātauranga Māori
3.5 Mātauranga Māori possesses a variety of worldviews
3.6 Mātauranga Māori is in a state of rediscovery – a new creative period
4.0 What is Mātauranga Māori? Towards an Epistemology
4.1 Biases of the Author
4.2 Developing an Interpretation of Traditional Concepts
4.3 Mātauranga
4.3.1 Use of ‘Mātauranga’ to refer to Biblical Knowledge
4.3.2 ‘Mātauranga’ and Literacy
4.3.3 Is ‘Mātauranga’ an old or a new term?
4.4 Kai
4.5 Māramatanga
4.6 Mohiotanga
4.7 Whakaahua
4.8 Wānanga
4.9 Tohu
4.10 Summary
5.0 Aspects of the Traditional Māori Worldvew: Taonga and Tikanga
5.1.0 The Model of the Mythic Precursor
5.1.1 The Pōwhiri Ritual
5.1.2 Te Āwhiorangi
5.2.0 The Model of the Ancestral Precursor
5.2.1 First Footsteps
5.2.2 The Rise of Iwi
6.0 The Worldview Changes: The 19th and 20th Centuries
6.1 The Bible, the Treaty of Waitangi and Literacy
6.2 Taonga as Evidence of Mana Whenua
6.3 Te Rauparaha’s Ear Pendant: The Story of a 19th Century Taonga
6.4 Contemporary Examples of Tikanga
6.4.1 Tākai
6.4.2 Kōpaki
6.4.3 Tiwha
6.4.4 Taonga and Tūpāpaku
6.4.5 Hei Hoa mō te Kōrero
6.4.6 Use of Taonga in Waitangi Tribunal Claims
6.4.7 Kaitiakitanga and Ownership of Taonga
6.4.8 Deposit of Taonga in Museums to Alleviate Conflict
7.0 Implications for Museum Practice
7.1 The Future of Taonga
7.2 The Future of Māori Culture
8.0 Appendices
8.1 Types of Taonga Referred to in this Text
8.2 References